High-speed press machine
The high-speed punch (high-speed press) is an integrated special cast iron alloy with high rigidity and shock resistance. The slider is designed with a long guide path and equipped with a slider balancing device to ensure precise and stable operation. All anti-wear components are equipped with an electronic timing automatic lubrication system. If there is a lack of lubricating oil, the punch will stop automatically. The advanced and simple control system ensures the accuracy of the operation and stop of the slider. It can be matched with any automated production requirements to improve production efficiency and reduce costs.

Scope of application
High-speed punches (high-speed presses) are widely used in the stamping of small precision parts such as precision electronics, communications, computers, household appliances, auto parts, motor stators and rotors.
Features
Numerical control punch is the abbreviation of digital control punch, which is an automated machine tool equipped with a program control system. The control system can logically handle programs with control codes or other symbolic instruction rules, decode them, and then make the punch move and process parts.
The operation and monitoring of the CNC punching machine are all finished in this CNC unit, which is the brain of the CNC punching machine. Compared with ordinary punching machines, CNC punching machines have many characteristics. Firstly, it has high processing accuracy and stable processing quality; secondly, it can carry out multi-coordinate linkage, and can process chaotically shaped parts and can be cut and formed; again, When machining parts are changed, usually only need to change the numerical control program, which can save production preparation time; at the same time, the punch itself has high precision, high rigidity, and can choose a favorable processing amount, and the production rate is high; and the punch has a high degree of automation, which can reduce Labor intensity; in the end, the punching press has a higher essential demand for operators and a higher demand for the skills of repairers.
CNC punching machine can be used for all kinds of metal sheet metal parts processing. It can actively complete a variety of messy hole types and shallow deep drawing processing at one time. (According to the demand, it can automatically process holes of different sizes and hole distances, and small holes can also be used. The punching die uses the nibbling method to punch large round holes, square holes, waist-shaped holes and various shapes of curves, and can also be processed by special processes, such as shutters, shallow stretching, counterboring, flanging holes, reinforcing ribs, and pressing Printed etc.). After a simple mold combination, compared with traditional stamping, it saves a lot of mold costs. It can use low cost and short cycle to process small batches and diversified products. It has a large processing scale and processing capacity, and then gets used to shopping malls in time. And product changes.
working principle
The design principle of the punch (press) is to convert circular motion into linear motion. The main motor generates power to drive the flywheel, and the clutch drives the gear, crankshaft (or eccentric gear), connecting rod, etc., to achieve the linear motion of the slider. The movement from the main motor to the connecting rod is a circular movement. Between the connecting rod and the sliding block, there needs to be a transition point for circular motion and linear motion. There are roughly two mechanisms in its design, one is a ball type, the other is a pin type (cylindrical type), through which the circular motion is moved Converted into linear motion of the slider.
The punch presses the material to deform it plastically to obtain the required shape and precision. Therefore, it must be matched with a set of molds (upper and lower molds), the material is placed in between, and the machine applies pressure to deform it , The reaction force caused by the force applied to the material during processing is absorbed by the punch machine body.
Classification
1. According to the driving force of the slider, it can be divided into two types: mechanical and hydraulic, so punch presses are divided into different driving forces according to their use:
(1) Mechanical punch
(2) Hydraulic punch
For general sheet metal stamping processing, most of them use mechanical punching machines. Depending on the liquid used, hydraulic presses include hydraulic presses and hydraulic presses. The majority of hydraulic presses are hydraulic presses, while hydraulic presses are mostly used for large machinery or special machinery.
2. Classified according to the movement of the slider:
There are single-action, double-action, and triple-action punch presses according to the movement of the slider. The only one that is used most is the single-action punch press with one slider. The double-action and triple-action punch presses are mainly used for the extension processing of automobile bodies and large-scale machining parts. , Its number is very small.
3. According to the classification of the slider drive mechanism:
(1) Crankshaft punch
A punch using a crankshaft mechanism is called a crankshaft punch, as shown in Figure 1 is a crankshaft punch. Most mechanical punches use this mechanism. The reason for using crankshaft mechanism most is that it is easy to manufacture, can accurately determine the position of the lower end of the stroke, and the movement curve of the slider is generally suitable for various processing. Therefore, this type of stamping is suitable for punching, bending, stretching, hot forging, warm forging, cold forging and almost all other punching processes.
(2) No crankshaft punch
No crankshaft punch is also called eccentric gear punch. Figure 2 is an eccentric gear punch. Comparing the functions of the crankshaft punch and the eccentric gear punch, as shown in Table 2, the eccentric gear punch is better than the crankshaft in terms of shaft rigidity, lubrication, appearance, and maintenance. The disadvantage is that the price is higher. When the stroke is long, the eccentric gear punch is more advantageous, and when the stroke of the punching machine is short, the crankshaft punch is better. Therefore, small machines and high-speed punching punches are also the field of crankshaft punching.
(3) Toggle punch
Those who use the toggle mechanism on the slider drive are called toggle punches, as shown in Figure 3. This type of punch has a unique slider movement curve in which the speed of the slider near the bottom dead center becomes very slow (compared with a crankshaft punch), as shown in Figure 4. Moreover, the bottom dead center position of the stroke is also accurately determined. Therefore, this type of punch is suitable for compression processing such as embossing and finishing, and cold forging is the most used.
(4) Friction punch
A punch that uses friction transmission and a screw mechanism on the track drive is called a friction punch. This type of punch is most suitable for forging and crushing operations, and can also be used for processing such as bending, forming, and stretching. It has versatile functions because of its low price and was widely used before the war. Due to the inability to determine the position of the lower end of the stroke, poor processing accuracy, slow production speed, overload when the control operation is wrong, and the need for skilled technology in use, it is gradually being eliminated.
(5) Spiral punch
Those who use the screw mechanism on the slider drive mechanism are called screw punches (or screw punches).
(6) Rack punch
Those who use rack and pinion mechanisms on the slider drive mechanism are called rack punches. Spiral punches have almost the same characteristics as rack punches, and their characteristics are almost the same as those of hydraulic punches. It used to be used for pressing into bushings, crumbs and other items, such as squeezing, oil pressing, bundling, and ejection of bullet casings (hot-room squeezing processing), etc., but it has been replaced by hydraulic presses, unless very special No longer used outside of the situation.
(7) Link punch
A punch that uses various linkage mechanisms on the slider drive mechanism is called a linkage punch. The purpose of using the linkage mechanism is to keep the drawing speed within the limit while shortening the processing cycle during the drawing process, and to reduce the speed change of the drawing process to speed up the approach stroke and the distance from the top dead center to the processing start point. The speed of the return stroke from bottom dead center to top dead center makes it have a shorter cycle than crankshaft punching machine to improve productivity. This type of punch has been used for deep extension of cylindrical containers since ancient times, and the bed surface is relatively narrow. Recently, it has been used for the processing of automobile body panels and the bed surface is relatively wide.
(8) Cam punch
A punch that uses a cam mechanism on the slider drive mechanism is called a cam punch. The feature of this punch is to make an appropriate cam shape so that the desired slider movement curve can be easily obtained. However, due to the nature of the cam mechanism, it is difficult to convey a large force, so the punching capacity is very small.
Precautions for the safe use of high-speed punches
■Before work
(1) Check the lubrication condition of each part, and make each lubricating circuit be fully lubricated;
(2) Check whether the mold installation is correct and reliable;
(3) Check whether the compressed air pressure is within the specified range;
(4) The flywheel and clutch must be disengaged before the motor can be turned on;
(5) When the motor is started, check whether the rotation direction of the flywheel is the same as the rotation mark;
(6) Let the press perform several idle strokes to check the working conditions of the brakes, clutches and operating parts.
■At work
(1) A manual lubricating oil pump should be used to pump lubricating oil to the lubrication point at regular intervals;
(2) When the performance of the press is not familiar, it is not allowed to adjust the press without authorization;
(3) It is absolutely forbidden to punch two layers of sheets at the same time;
(4) If the work is found to be abnormal, stop work immediately and check in time.
■After work
(1) Disconnect the flywheel and clutch, cut off the power supply, and release the remaining air;
(2) Wipe the press clean and apply anti-rust oil on the work surface;
(3) Make a record after each operation or maintenance.
Punch operating procedures (press operating procedures)
1. A punch worker must have studied, master the structure and performance of the punch, be familiar with the operating procedures and obtain operating permits before they can operate independently.
2. Use the safety protection and control device of the punch correctly, and do not dismantle it arbitrarily.
3. Check whether the transmission, connection, lubrication and other parts of the punch and the protective safety device are normal. The screws of the mold must be firm and must not be moved.
4. The punch should be run dry for 2-3 minutes before working. Check the flexibility of the foot switch and other control devices, and use it after confirming that it is normal. It should not run with illness.
5. The mold must be tight and firm, the upper and lower molds are aligned to ensure that the position is correct, and the punch is moved by hand to test punch (empty cart) to ensure that the mold is in good condition.
6. Pay attention to lubrication before driving, and remove all floating objects on the punch.
7. When the punch is taken out or is running and punching, the operator should stand properly, keep a certain distance between the hands and head and the punch, and always pay attention to the punch movement, and chat with others is strictly prohibited.
8. When punching short and small workpieces, special tools should be used, and it is not allowed to directly feed or pick up parts by hand.
9. When punching or long-body parts, safety racks should be set or other safety measures should be taken to avoid digging and injury.
10. When single punching, the hands and feet are not allowed to be placed on the hand and foot brakes, and must be lifted (stepped) at a time to prevent accidents.
11. When two or more people work together, the person responsible for moving (stepping) the gate must pay attention to the actions of the feeder. It is strictly forbidden to pick up the parts and move (step) the gate at the same time.
12. Stop in time at the end of the work, cut off the power supply, wipe the machine tool, and clean up the environment.
How to choose a high-speed press
The selection of high-speed punch should consider the following issues:
Punch speed（press speed）
There are two types of speeds for Taiwan and domestic presses on the market, called high speeds, one is the highest speed 400 times/min, and the other is 1000 times/min. If your product mold requires a speed of 300 times/minute or higher, you should choose a punch of 1000 times/minute. Because the equipment cannot be used to the limit, and punches within 400 times/min generally do not have a mandatory lubrication system, only butter lubrication is used in the joint part, and the punch structure is a slider type, which is difficult to guarantee accuracy and is very worn during long hours of work. Faster, lower precision, easy damage to molds, high maintenance rate of machines and molds, and delays in time, affecting delivery.
Punch accuracy（Press accuracy）
The accuracy of punching machine is mainly:
1. Parallelism
2. Verticality
3. Total clearance
High-precision punching machines can not only produce good products, but also have less damage to the mold, which not only saves mold maintenance time but also saves maintenance costs.
Lubrication system
The high-speed punch has a very high stroke (speed) per minute, so it has higher requirements on the lubrication system. Only a high-speed punch with a forced lubrication system and a lubrication abnormal detection function can effectively reduce the probability of a punch failure due to lubrication.